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Reddit Pocket Flipboard Email. He may look ridiculous, but people who looked like that were responsible for pretty reprehensible mass murder. Asuros A lot of interesting things pop out in that GIF. Thailand never got colonized by any power, European or Asian But the biggest, most remarkable thing in the map is the ebb and flow in the territory controlled by the big European powers. Colonialism's influence was so immense that we're only just beginning to figure out how to properly measure it Why?
So when you see huge chunks of the globe colonized in And colonial powers shrunk to basically their homelands in You're seeing one of the greatest humanitarian accomplishments of the past years in action.
Next Up In World. Delivered Fridays. Thanks for signing up! Check your inbox for a welcome email. Email required. By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Notice and European users agree to the data transfer policy. For more newsletters, check out our newsletters page. The Latest. Why Biden has disappointed on immigration By German Lopez. The study sketches out a past where humans were influencing the climate long before the industrial revolution, where the use of fossil fuels for the manufacturing of goods, generation of electricity and transportation has allowed tens of billions of tons of carbon dioxide to be released into the atmosphere.
Widespread deforestation for agriculture and urban development has also spurred the release of greenhouse gases, causing the planet to warm by around 1C over the past century. Scientists have warned that the world has little over a decade to drastically reduce emissions or face increasingly severe storms, drought, heatwaves, coastal flooding and food insecurity.
The revegetation of the Americas after European arrival aided declines of global carbon content in the air, dropping by around seven to 10 parts of carbon dioxide for every million molecules of air in the atmosphere.
His evidence for this? This is a classic piece of deficient reasoning. The population of Russia grew during the Soviet Union, and the population of China exploded under Mao - does James think there was no mass death there either? Keep going back to the record. There were indeed some decent men among the imperial rulers, whose instinct was to feed the starving Indians.
One colonial administrator, Sir Richard Temple, reacted at first by importing massive amounts of rice from Burma. The official record shows that only 23 people died under this enlightened policy.
If James and Ferguson were right, Temple would have been held up as a beacon of the way British chaps do things. But in reality, he was severely reprimanded by London for his "extravagance". The Economist savaged him for allowing the lazy Indians to think "it is the duty of the Government to keep them alive".
Temple learned his lesson. He slammed into reverse, and began to conduct experiments to see how little food Indians could survive on, noting coldly in his book when "strapping fine fellows" were reduced to "little more than animated skeletons In the average British labour camp that Temple was ordered to set up, inmates were given fewer daily calories than if they had ended up in Buchenwald 80 years later.
This new Temple was praised by his imperial masters as a fine example. If you study the records, you can see this pattern practised as deliberate policy all over India. Niall Ferguson is marginally less extreme than his defender James. He admits, "In the case of Lord Lytton, Viceroy during the disaster of , there is clear evidence of incompetence, negligence and indifference to the fate of the starving.
The evidence shows something much darker. Far from doing nothing during the famine, the British did a lot - to make it worse. They insisted that the Indian peasants carry on shipping out grain for global markets, and enforced this policy with guns.
Stalin did exactly the same thing in the s, during the famines caused by collectivisation.
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